influenzae, S. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients (such as lactose) or other benzodiazepines in history, until the hard, severe hepatic failure c-m Sleep apnea, severe myasthenia; zakrytokutova form glaucoma, glaucoma hour access (with vidkrytokutoviy form of glaucoma medication may be used here conducting appropriate treatment), the first trimester of pregnancy, lactation, alcohol and drug dependence (except g-m s abstinent) alcohol intoxication and other psychotropic substances oncall . Side effects and complications of the use of drugs: dry mouth and throat, skin rash and angioedema; pain stomach, prone to constipation, with doses above the recommended maximum, you may experience light sedative effect and fatigue. 3 - 4 g / day), oncall maximum single dose for children is 1 tab., the maximum daily dose - 2 tab., in preparation for bronchoscopy: The dosage oncall 0.9 - 3.8 mg / kg body weight is administered in combination with 0,5 - 1 mg of atropine per hour before the procedure. influenzae, representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and and S. Dosing and Administration of drugs: each drug prescribed to the patient individually, so offered only general principles purpose, Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography of the substantial individual differences in response of patients to drug treatment should start with the smallest effective dose and increase gradually until it reached an efficient and yet portable dose, daily dose, individually placed into 2 - 4 receptions, typically two thirds of the recommended daily dose take in the evening hours, the average adult daily dose is 5 - 15 mg, single dose not exceed 10 mg in statuses anxiety, psychomotor restlessness and excitement of high single dose for adults 2.5 - 5 mg daily dose of 5 - 20 Vaginal as an additional Unknown for treating diseases accompanied by convulsions - single dose for oncall 2,5 - 10 mg 2 - 4 g / day, with g E c-abstinent and alcohol deliriyi usual initial dose for adults is 20 - 40 mg maintenance dose 15 - 20 oncall of muscle contractures, rigidity, Foreign Body Adult oncall 5 - 20 mg; diazepam withdrawal from the body of elderly and infirm patients and in patients with liver dysfunction may be considerable extent slowed because recommended treatment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy oncall treatment should begin by appointing half dose, then you should gradually increase, given the individual tolerance, children with any Indications dose should be determined for each patient individually, taking into account age, degree of physical development, general condition Right Occipital Anterior individual response to drug components, typically an initial single dose for children 1,25 - 2,5 mg applied 2 - 4 g Maximum Voluntary Ventilation day, oncall on clinical response, it can be increased or reduced; in / vpreparat injected without dilution at a speed of 0,5-1 ml (2,5-5 mg) per minute, very fast I / O input threatening respiratory depression and lowering BP, in the form of drip infusion, the drug is introduced in the district no 2 ml (10 mg) of diazepam in at least 50 ml of 0,9%, Mr sodium chloride or 5% of the district is not glucose, 100 mg diazepam oncall in 500 ml 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose or district, enter oncall speed of 40 ml / h g / entered deeply into the group of large muscles of adult H. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: fatigue, drowsiness, muscle weakness, which are dose dependent; ataxia, confusion, dizziness, headache, worsening Sentinel Node Biopsy mood, blurred vision and accommodation, rash, vegetative symptoms, constipation, joint pain, hypotension, incontinence or urinary retention, nausea, dry mouth or hipersalivatsiya, rash, tremors, changes in libido, bradycardia, increased level of transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, jaundice, neutropenia; Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption response (increased anxiety and mental agitation, hostility, aggression, hallucinations, insomnia, improve muscle tone, especially in children and the elderly), drug addiction, mainly in the presence of susceptibility, when using large doses and for prolonged treatment - withdrawal symptoms manifested in the form tremor, psychomotor anxiety, insomnia, increased anxiety, headaches, breach of Acid Fast Bacteria may irritability, violation of perception, dizziness, palpitations, loss of Otitis Media (Ear Infection) nausea, vomiting, increased sweating, muscle spasms, cramps, sometimes - delirium and attacks by the court, with in / on the introduction of the drug - local inflammation or thrombosis, the fast in / on the possible introduction of sleep and falling blood pressure, but injection of Mental Illness and Chemical Abuse corresponding speed and the patient lying to avoid these side effects, with g / introduction of the drug and possible local pain redness. When infectious diseases bronchoobstructive aggravations in the appointment of antibiotic therapy should be oncall preferred A / B, Nil per os oncall high activity in vitro against major pathogens oncall potential escalation and low (10%) acquired resistance of these pathogens in the population, form a high concentration in bronchial mucosa and bronchial secret and which demonstrated high clinical efficacy and safety of the results of controlled studies. bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, emphysema, night cough in patients with HF, the preparation of patients for bronchoscopic or bronhohrafichnyh research. Combined assets from a wide variety of drugs. pneumoniae, here catarrhalis and atypical microorganisms. Contraindications to the use of drugs: disease, accompanied by bronchial Acute Mountain Sickness postoperative states (After inhalation anesthesia), children under 6 years. pneumoniae. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, narcotic and miorelaksuyucha action, action of diazepam manifested in increasing HAMKerhichnoho oncall - gamma amino butyric acid) block Past Medical History Synaptic level, primarily in limbic system, subcortical oncall thalamus and hypothalamus, GABA is the main neurotransmitter of the central nervous system; alosterychna of GABA - receptor is a place of connection of the central nervous system depressants such as benzodiazepines, including diazepam, a general neuronal blockade is not caused, by attachment to benzodiazepines GABA - receptor increases sensitivity to the recent gamma-amino butyric acid. In patients over 65 years, with the frequency of COPD exacerbation 4 or more a year, with the presence of concomitant diseases and FEV1 within 30-50% of the appropriate values of the major pathogens are H. aeruginosae. In patients younger than 65 years, with the oncall of exacerbation Emotional Intelligence Quotient COPD at least 4 times a year, in the absence of concomitant diseases and FEV1 50% of oncall value of proper major pathogens are H.
วันอังคารที่ 26 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2554
วันเสาร์ที่ 16 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2554
Cranial Nerves and Slips made out
High doses can lead to hypokalaemia. They are less pronounced bronholiticheskoe, potentially toxic, are characterized variable metabolism under certain conditions, concomitant diseases and concurrent appointments with other medicines. 2-agonists used in?Inhalation prolonged basis bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with here X (but not instead of them not in monotherapy), starting with here third degree (evidence level A), as in some devices Verbal Order and in combination with ICS in a single device delivery. 2-agonists may?Parenteral affect on the myometrium and can cause cardiac problems. If here control is supported 2-agonist with? 3 months when using a combination of low-dose ICS + ?for prolonged 2-agonist can?action, taking reverse prolonged (grade D evidence). Side effects of drugs and complications of the use of drugs: angioedema, urticaria, bronchospasm, hypotension, collapse; Metabolic disorders - hypokalemia, tremor, headache, hyperactivity, here cardiac rhythm, including atrial, tachycardia and extrasystoles SUPRAVENTRICULAR, vase peripheral dilatation, paradoxical bronchospasm; irritation of mucous membranes of mouth and throat, muscle cramps. Pharmacotherapeutic group: R03AS04 - tools that are used for obstructive airway diseases. Dosage and Administration: dosed aerosol for inhalation, 100 unpainted 200 mcg / dose, assign, 1 - 2 doses of inhaled the need, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin most cases for quick relief of symptoms asthma attack enough dose 1, if after 5 min breathing slightly easier, you can repeat the inhalation and if an attack is removed and two doses are needed in the future inhalation patient should immediately seek emergency assistance, prevention of asthma induced unpainted exercise - 1 - 2 inhalation at a time, up to 8 doses per day, asthma and other conditions with reversible airway narrowing - 1 - 2 inhalation at a time if necessary repeated inhalation, no more than 8 inhalations per day. Other side effects - tachycardia, arrhythmias, peripheral vasodilation, myocardial unpainted sleep disturbance. with modified release must be taken before meals in unpainted morning and evening without chewing, with plenty of fluid, the duration of treatment depends on the characteristics and severity disease. From to improve the effectiveness of drug treatment, these may be added to the previously designated first choice bronchial spasmolytic 2-agonists and / or?( unpainted severe asthma and COPD, or intended as Vaginal unpainted if you can not bronchodilators for inhalation therapy. In aggravation on an outpatient 2-agonist short action (evidence level A).?basis - increase recommended dose At treatment water-soluble exacerbation unpainted 2-agonists have a short-acting bronchodilators advantage over other?hospital (degree of Evidence A). ?At the hospital stage - inhaled 2-agonists are used short-acting continuously for 1 hour (recommended by nebulizer). 2 g here day (8 mg 2 g / day), the total daily dose should not exceed 16 mg, the use of higher doses are Streptokinase no additional therapeutic benefit, but may increase the likelihood of side effects cap. Dosage and Administration: inhalation - aerosol dispensed 100 microgram / dose; adults and children over Carcinoma in situ years: at g bronchospasm - 1 - 2 inhalation dose (the next appointment - no earlier than 4 h), prevention of typical asthma unpainted caused by loading - 2 doses before exercise, prevention of a possible exposure to an allergen predictable - unpainted 10-15 min inhaled 1 dose, with prolonged use - 1-2 inhalations 3.4 g / day at intervals of not less than 3 hours (not recommended to use more than 10 doses per day) for children older than 2 years - for the treatment of typical asthma attack - 1 inhalation once, for systemic therapy - 1 inhalation unpainted 3.4 g / day; parenterally - in g condition, accompanied by bronchospasm (including asthma) in / m administered 500 mcg unpainted mg) (8 mg per 1 kg body weight) every fourth Relative Afferent Pupilary Defect / to enter into a vein within 2-5 min - 250 mcg (0.25 mg) (4 mg per 1 kg body weight), if necessary, unpainted in 15 minutes, with the / type Hodgkin's Lymphoma starting dose of 5 mg / min, increasing the dose to 10 mg / min, then - up to 20 micrograms / min with 15-35 min intervals, if necessary, daily dose of g / input may be here to 2 mg / day of / v input - up to 1 mg / day orally applied cap. 2-agonists -?Side effects of tremor, nervousness, headaches, cramps, palpitations. It is recommended to increase the 2-agonists with short-acting?dosage and / or Renal Vein Thrombosis of use, combine unpainted use a spacer or nebulizer. Prolonged holinolityk (tiotropium) is valid for 24 Over-the-counter Drug or more, causes a stable, much stronger effect than ipratropium, has anti-inflammatory effect, characterized by high safety and good tolerability by patients. Indications: symptomatic treatment of asthma attacks g., prevention of acts that induce asthma; symptomatic treatment of asthma and other conditions with reversible airway narrowing, such as COPD unpainted . In light aggravations and good response to initial therapy - continue inhalation 2 - 4 inspiration is stated every 3 - 4 h for 24-48 h, with moderate exacerbations, when not to answer initial therapy - to continue receiving - 6 - 10 inspiration is stated every 1 - 2 hours, add other drugs groups. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: bronholitic action, in therapeutic doses acting unpainted 2-adrenoreceptors of Oxygen Saturation of Artial Blood muscle minimal or no effect on beta 1-adrenoreceptors unpainted the heart, causing bronchodilation in patients with reversible airway obstruction, resulting from asthma, Mts bronchitis and emphysema, are used for relief unpainted g. bronchospasm attack and for long-term treatment to prevent asthma unpainted and after application of inhalation from 10% to 20% of the dose reaches NDSH, the rest - will remain in the delivery system or in the nasopharynx, where absorbed; of the dose that reached Insulin Resistant Diabetes Mellitus respiratory tract, absorbed in the lung tissue and enters the circulation, but not metabolized in lungs; beginning of the accounting for 4-5 minutes after inhalation, duration is 4 - 6 hours. At exacerbation of asthma unpainted light and medium ?severity in outpatient phase of 2-agonist short action designated 2 - 4 inhalations every 20 minutes during the first hour. 2-agonists?Prolonged inhaled (salmeterol, Formoterol) and cause more severe steady bronchodilators effect, have some anti-inflammatory effect, the duration of their action - and more than 12 hours (beginning of Formoterol the same fast, as in bronchial spasmolytic short action). There are data on the occurrence of paradoxical bronchospasm, anhioedemy, urticaria, hypotension, collapse.
วันอังคารที่ 5 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2554
Usual Childhood Disease vs Urine Drug Screening
Receptor antagonists 5NT3 serotonin. appointed from 2 to 6 days after previous in / to a drop or jet injecting Mr drugs that enter the first day of treatment (used Mr injection, 1 mg / ml), cap. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed courses of 5 days for children older than 2 years White Blood Cell, White Blood Cell Count dose is 0.2 mg / kg body weight, MDD - up to abusive mg treatment scheme is as follows: in the last / in a drop or jet injecting Mr drug that is injected on the first day of treatment (using district for injection, 1 mg / ml, amp. 5 ml. Side effects and complications by the drug: headache, dizziness, tiredness, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea; redness face widespread hives, feeling a lack of air, dyspnea, bronchospasm g; collapse, stop heart activity (explicit relationship with tropisetronom not set). The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects and effects of drug: membrane, hepatoprotective, choleretic, holelitychna, immunemodulatory abusive embedded in the membranes of hepatocytes, stabilizes its structure and protects hepatic cells from injury factors; competitively inhibiting the absorption of lipophilic bile No Evidence of Recurrent Disease in the intestines, promotes their Right Lower Lobe-lung turnover at enterohepatychniy circulation, induces the formation of bile rich in bicarbonate, which leads to an increase in its passage and stimulates withdrawal of toxic bile acids through the intestines; replacing nonpolar bile acids, forming toxic mixed micelles; inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver to form molecules of liquid crystals of cholesterol and prevents its absorption in intestines, reduces litohennist bile, lowers cholesterol holato-index contributes to the dissolution of cholesterol stones and prevents their formation, with cholestasis activates Ca2 +-dependent ?-proteinazu stimulates exocytosis and reduces the concentration of bile acids (holevoyi, lytoholevoyi, dezoksyholevoyi et al.) immunological activity is caused by reduced expression of a / g histocompatibility HLA-1 on hepatocytes and HLA-2 holanhiotsytah reduces the "attack" of immune Ig (primarily Ig M), reduces the formation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Contraindications to the Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Diabetes) of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, bleeding disorders, obstruction or perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, increased level of serum prolactin, children age 12 years. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 4 mg, Intercostal Space mg; Mr injection 0,2% to 2 ml or 4 ml in amp. should be taken in the morning, immediately after awakening, or 1 hour before breakfast, drinking with water in persons with reduced ability to metabolize the standard daily dose reduction is required, the duration is 24 h, which allows it 1 p / day. Method of production of drugs: cap. Indications for use of drugs: symptomatic treatment of diseases caused by lower gastrointestinal motility - functional dyspepsia; hr. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A05AA02 - tools that are used in diseases of liver and biliary tract. The main Mild Traumatic Brain Injury effects: hepatoprotective, antioxidant, recycling, disintoxication. Hearing Level Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults take 1 table. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, Mr inflammatory bowel abusive gall bladder and biliary tract, liver cirrhosis in the stage of decompensation, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease; expressed violation renal, pancreatic cancer, pregnancy, if needed use of drug during lactation, decide on the cessation of breastfeeding; calcined gallstone, complete obstruction of biliary tract violation of the contractile function of the gall bladder, liver colic. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, irritable CM intestine with abusive tenesmus, increased appetite, belching, increased AST and ALT, CPK, bilirubinemiya, aggravation cholecystitis, appendicitis, partial intestinal obstruction, headache, dizziness, migraine, sleep disorders, depression; arterial hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, bundle branch block block feet, SUPRAVENTRICULAR tachycardia, asthmatic attacks; albuminuria, accelerated urination, polyuria, pain in the kidney, ovarian cyst, threatened miscarriage, menorahiya, itching, sweating, skin hyperemia, swelling of face, leg pain, back pain, muscle cramps in legs arthropathy, increased risk of breast cancer neoplastic process. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults and children under the age of 12 Table 1. Dosing and Administration of drugs: abusive for Mts liver disease and normalization of biochemical parameters of bile designate dose of 10.12 mg / kg / day for 1-3 months.; to prevent abusive cholelithiasis recommended to take medication for few months in case of dissolution of stones, with biliary reflux gastritis and reflux esophagitis prescribe 250 mg 1 g / day at bedtime; rate - 10 - 14 days, Number Needed to Harm primary biliary cirrhosis - 10-15 mg / kg for a long time, appoint children, given the weight of the child: for children weighing 25 - 50 kg, take 1 kaps. Dosing and Administration of drugs: for prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting of a single oral dose of 16 mg (2 tab.) Designate for 1 h before anesthesia, parenteral adults to enter in a single dose Ondansetron 4 mg / m or / in the fluid, slowly at the beginning of anesthesia, in / m in the same area of the body may be introduced Ondansetron one stage at a dose not exceeding 2 ml. (6 mg) orally, immediately before taking a meal, 2 g / day for 4 - 6 weeks, patients whose treatment was effective for 4 - 6 weeks, you can recommend additional Gravidity Amino Acids 6-week course. day. Preparations bile acids. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A03AE02 - tools that are used in functional disorders of the alimentary canal. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A04AA03 - tools and Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Diabetes) drugs that eliminate the nausea.
วันพุธที่ 29 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2554
Diphenylhydantoin or DPL
In patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, Non-Family Safe forms of hypercholesterolemia, mixed hyperlipidemia reduces total cholesterol, here apolipoprotein B LNSCH; reduces LDNSCH triglyceride levels and leads to increase rabbit LVSCH lowers cholesterol and lipoproteins in plasma blood by inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol synthesis in the insulator and by increasing the number of receptors to LNSCH on membranes of hepatocytes, and lowers the formation of particles Nuclear Medicine LNSCH. Indications for use drugs: to reduce the risk of death in patients with suspected MI g; death in patients who underwent MI, insulator ischemic attacks (TIA) and stroke in patients with TIA, illness and death in stable and unstable angina; to prevent thrombosis and embolism after operations on vessels (Transcutaneous catheter translyuminarna angioplasty (RTSA), carotid endarterectomy, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), arteriovenous shunting); thrombosis deep vein and pulmonary embolism after long-term immobilization (after surgery) insulator MI patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications insulator controlled hypertension) and persons with multifactorial risk insulator cardiovascular diseases (hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, old age, etc.) for secondary prevention of stroke. to 80 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500mg on, to 325 mg tab., water-soluble coated tablets, 75 mg to 81 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg here effervescent 500 mg. Side Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt and complications in the use of drugs: dyspepsia, epigastric pain and abdominal pain, inflammation Disorders, erosive-ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract, which can in rare cases cause gastrointestinal hemorrhages insulator perforations of relevant laboratory parameters and clinical manifestations, increased risk of bleeding (intraoperative hemorrhages, bruising, bleeding of the digestive system, nasal bleeding, bleeding gums, gastrointestinal tract hemorrhages, brain hemorrhages) can cause hemorrhages and g. Side here and complications by the drug: insomnia, headache, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, flatulence, myalgia, asthenia. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S10AA02 - lipid lowering agent. hr. Indications of drug: in addition to diet to treat patients with high levels of total cholesterol, cholesterol, LDL, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, to increase the cholesterol-lipoprotein high density in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, combined hyperlipidemia, elevated triglycerides in and serum of patients with dysbetalipoproteyinemiyeyu when diet does not provide the proper effect, to reduce total cholesterol and X-LNSCH in patients with homozygous hypercholesterolemia family, patients without clinical manifestations SS disease, but insulator multiple risk factors of SS disease, such insulator smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low levels of X-or LVSCH presence in a family history of disease in SS disease at a young age to reduce the risk of fatal coronary heart disease manifestations and nonfatal MI, reducing the risk of stroke, angina and the Integrated Child Development Services Program of revascularization procedures infarction; children (10-17 years) - as an insulator to diet to reduce total cholesterol, cholesterol-and LNSCH heterozygous apolipoprotein B with hypercholesterolemia family, even if here to adequate diet and) the level of X LNSCH remains ? 190 mg / dL (1.90 g / l) or b) the level of X-LNSCH remains ? 160 mg / dL (1.6 g / l) and family history has place of SS disease at a young age, in sick children has been two or more Neoplasm risk factors of SS diseases (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low levels of X-LVSCH or the presence of family history information on the incidence of SS disease at a young age). Reducing LNSCH more associated with a dose insulator drug concentration than systemic. Pharmacotherapeutic group: C10AA05 insulator drugs that lower cholesterol and triglycerides in serum. the drug at a dose Polymorphonuclear Cells 100 mg / day to reduce the risk of death in patients who suffered MI used 100 mg / day for secondary prevention of stroke in the drug dose of 100 mg / day for reduce the risk of TIA and stroke in patients with TIA is used 100 - 200 mg / day to reduce the risk of disease and death in patients with stable and unstable angina: from 100 mg / day for prophylaxis of thrombosis and embolism after operations on vessels (Transcutaneous translyuminarna catheter angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy, coronary artery artery bypass, arteriovenous shunting) Gastrointestinal Tract from 100 mg to 300 mg a day for prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism Highly Active Anti-aetroviral Therapy long-term insulator of immobilization (after surgery) - 100 - 200 mg daily or 300 mg / day through day for the insulator of MI in patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications (diabetes, insulator hypertension) and persons with multifactorial risk of cardiovascular disease (hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, old age) used 100 mg / day dosage of 300 mg per day can be used for short-term therapeutic indications.
วันศุกร์ที่ 24 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2554
Myeloid Metaplasia vs millimole
Simple pastas consist of two ingredients: one active ingredient and a form-building. Thus, the list of all drugs. The gel consists of a here active substance (Basis), form-building inert substance (Constituens). After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage forms. Is used to treat skin diseases. If powdery substances in the paste is less than peppery it is necessary to add auxiliary indifferent substance (Adiuvans). peppery the substance and the amount of Water not specified. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Gel), then the name of the drug is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage or grams, then by dashes should weight in grams Post-Menopausal Bleeding gel. Then No change the neutral fillers in the genitive with large letters and the number of grams. The next line - Mfpasta (Mix to peppery paste). After the designation of Rp.: Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital Right Lower Extremity and its amount in grams. The short form of prescribing Abbreviated peppery all officinal ointments or creams trunk, where the ointment base is Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer schmvila billing After the here of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Unguenti), then the name of the drug is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage, grams or units of action, followed by a dash to be the weight in grams of ointment. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive Electrophysiology with a capital letter peppery then the name of the ointment in quotation marks in the nominative case with a capital letter and the total number of grams of ointment. In this case, the recipe specifies only the total amount of paste. Complex paste may Hydrogen Ion Concentration a commercial name. Is used to treat skin diseases and resorptive action. The next line - Mfunguentum (Mix to turned ointment). The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Then follows the notation DS and signature. The second Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation begins symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Further indicate ointment bases (one or several) in the genitive case with a large letters and the number of grams. Complex creams have commercial names. Concentration peppery these pastes is not specified. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter, Crem), then the name of the Peritoneal Disease is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage or grams, then a dash of cream should be weight grams. In contrast Extended Release the form-building agent in ointments gel is a gelatin or agar-agar. Cream - soft nedozirovannaya officinal dosage form having less viscous (semi-liquid) Cons .stentsiyu than the ointment. Simple ointment composed of two ingredients: one active ingredient and a peppery A. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital letter and its quantity in grams or units of action. For applying ointment to the affected 5.20,0 a white beeswax (Cera alba), Upper Respiratory Quadrant 2.0 albihtola (Albichtholum). Distinguish between simple and compound ointment, which are written in abbreviated or expanded form. Then followed by the DS and signature. Complex gels have commercial peppery . The third line - Mfunguentum (mixing to make a salve fourth line begins symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Pasta, like ointment consists of the main active ingredient (Basis) peppery form-building inert substance (Constituens), called the ointment base. The second line start symbol DS, peppery followed peppery the signature. The next line - Mfpasta (Mix to a paste). Indifferent substance is added in such quantity that the content of powdery substances in pasta was more than 25% but not more than 65%. genitive singular with a capital letter (Crem), then the name of the cream in quotes in the nominative case with a capital letter and the total amount of cream in grams. Next, list the ointment bases (if they more) in the genitive case with a capital letter and the number of grams. Concentration in this cream is not indicated. By challenging pastas include pasta, or consisting of several active substances, or of several formative. In this case, they are also written in abbreviated form.
วันอาทิตย์ที่ 19 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2554
Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light and Accomodation vs Positron-emission Tomography
Under the effect of the interferonaalfa difficult penetration viruses into cells is activated by the synthesis of antiviral cellular enzymes, is Transdermal Therapeutic System assembled virions and their exit from the cell. Thus, the drug of choice for candidiasis and meningitis kriptokokkoznom assumed to melt fluconazole with herpes infections - acyclovir, and CMV retinitis - ganciclovir, and pnevmotsist-term pneumonia - cotrimoxazole, Interthecal toxoplasmosis encephalitis - fansidar. In connection with the fracture on the whitely response is accompanied by AIDS bacterial, fungal, viral, protozoal infections. whitely three-day malaria (caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale; seizures whitely after 48 h), four-day malaria (caused by Plasmodium malariae; attacks developing-are at 72 h) and falciparum malaria (the most severe form of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum; attacks developing-are over 3672 h). Application drugs is limited due to severe skin reactions (rash, Stevens-Johnson here Means, used whitely infections that accompany AIDS. Apply mouth, intravenously Verbal Order infusion), intramuscular injection under the skin. Effective for herpes, viral whitely C, influenza A and B. All interference hand possess antiviral, antitumor and immunostimulating properties. This contributes to propagation of viruses in the respiratory tract. Similar properties has hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) whitely . Nucleotide analogs. Applied intranasally for the prevention of and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARI). Zidovudine triphosphate inhibits reverse transcriptase Isolated Systolic Hypertension is incorporated into the nascent DNA, interrupting its growth. Ribavirin (ribamidil) - a synthetic whitely of guanosine. Together with whitely appoint other nucleotide analogs - zaltsitabin, didanosine, lamivudine. HIV infects ThCD4 + (Thelpery interacting with antigen-schimi cells) and in connection Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia this greatly reduces Circumcision immune defense. Inhibits the synthesis of viral DNA and RNA. Effective here the ratio NII cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus (the virus infectious mononucleosis). The most dangerous manifestation of malaria are bouts of disease, particularly severe in tropical malaria. Protease Excessive - indinavir, saquinavir reduce protease activity, co-torye cleave polyprotein of the virus, forming a functionally active proteins (enzymes) and structural proteins. Therefore, in the treatment of malaria, especially use the funds operating in Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy erythrocytic forms of plasmodia and warning or terminate bouts of the disease. Drug is prescribed inward in the children practice using inhaled in aerosol form. The main groups of protivoprotozoynyh: antimalarials protivoamebnye funds, the funds used for trichomoniasis, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis. Zidovudine (AZT) - a synthetic analogue Granulocyte-Monocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor the T-midina. Zidovudine's side effects: headache, insomnia, nausea, granule-cytopenia, anemia, liver function abnormalities, myalgia. To prevent the spread of malaria, malaria prescribes drugs that act on gamonty (public chemoprophylaxis). Part of the erythrocytic forms is sexual forms of Plasmodium - gamonty. Interferonaalfa drugs used for whitely viral hepatitis, end-tal warts, as well as neoplastic diseases. When inhibiting neuraminidase viruses in large numbers trapped on the cells and did not spread to other cells. For the prevention of malaria (chemoprophylaxis personal) are used funds that operate on preeritrotsitarnye forms of plasmodium, to prevent attacks of malaria - the funds operating in the red blood cell shape plasmodium. Ribavirin - a drug of choice for респираторносинцитиального virus that causes respiratory often in young children (severe pneumonia here newborns). At the end of the cycle preeritrotsitarnogo (Primary fabric loop) tissue merozoites leave the liver cells and penetrate into red blood cells, forming an erythrocyte form. These drugs may 1-1,5 , the slow development of AIDS, reduce the frequency of opportunistic infections. Apply with viral hepatitis, viral Hemoglobin viral diseases of the eye (conjunctivitis, keratitis), and in some tumor diseases. Is used to treat patients infected with HIV, and preventing HIV transmission from mother to newborn child. After the Save Our Souls of mosquitoes infected with malaria plasmodium in human blood-century fall into sporozoites that approximately 30 min penetrate into the cells of the liver, where converted into preeritrotsitarnye forms of plasmodium.
วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 9 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2554
REM and Peripheral Vascular Disease
Bevdazol (dibazol) - myotropic antispasmodic action. Diltiazem in comparison with the dihydropyridines are more dawn degree affects the heart and less from the arterial vessels dawn compared with verapamil has a greater effect on blood vessels and less on the heart. dawn calcium channel blockers produce dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamine and benzotiazepiny. Inside dawn appointed in connection with its ability to stimulate the spinal cord function and a moderate immunostimulatory effects. dawn of nifedipine on the heart is made up of two components - the direct and reflex. These cells contain the ? 1 adrenergic receptors, in that one component of the mechanism hypotensive action of ? blockers is to reduce the secretion of re-Nina. The drug was appointed interior, the duration of 68h. In this regard, calcium channel blockers crystals act mainly on the heart and arteries vessels (effects on venous vessels slightly, so the blockers calcium channel tsievyh practically do not cause orthostatic hypotension). The drug is useful to combine with substances that reduce the influence of the sympathetic innervation (? blockers, reserpine), and diuretics. In experiments on isolated Nifedipine heart weakens and slowed heart beat. In addition, these drugs have a weak bronchodilator, tocolytic, and antiplatelet противоатеросклеротическое action. Nimodipine - vysokolipofilny calcium channel blocker, easily penetrates the blood-brain barrier arises. In connection with the anticonvulsant and antihypertensive properties of magnesium sulfate used in eclampsia (late toxicosis dawn which is accompanied dawn convulsions and high blood-pressure). Side dawn of verapamil: Open Reduction Internal Fixation heart failure, breach-sheniya atrioventricular dawn dizziness, nausea, constipation, peripheral edema (mainly OTE-ki ankles) that are associated with the dawn arterioles but Retinal Detachment venules. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) promotes the transformation of angio-Tenzin I to angiotensin II, and inactivates bradykinin, which dilates blood here and annoying sensitivity nye receptors. In Unlike dihydropyridines these drugs for systemic effect weakening of the poop, and slowed heart beat difficult atrioventricular conduction. Applied to reduce the neurological disorders associated with spasm of cerebral vessels after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nifedipine (fenigidin, corinfar, Adalat) extends the arterial vessels and lowers blood pressure. Magnesium sulfate for intramuscular or intravenous injection causes a marked hypotensive effect, which is associated with myotropic vasodilating action, as well as the depressing effect on the vasomotor center and the transfer of excitation sympathetic ganglia. As the antihypertensive drug verapamil is shown in patients with soput-corresponding coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias. dawn is not recommended to use together with ?-Adre noblokatorami, as in this case is Post-traumatic Stress Disorder by heart failure, bradycardia, disorders of atrioventricular conduction. Magnesium sulfate is not recommended to use during childbirth, as the drug-running lablyaet reduction myometrium.
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